Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Formaldehyde shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Formaldehyde offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Formaldehyde at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Formaldehyde? Wrong! If the Formaldehyde is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Formaldehyde then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Formaldehyde? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Formaldehyde and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Formaldehyde wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Formaldehyde then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Formaldehyde site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Formaldehyde, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Formaldehyde, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
{{Chembox new| Name = Formaldehyde| ImageFileL1 = Formaldehyde-2D.svg| ImageSizeL1 = 120px| ImageFileR1 = Formaldehyde-3D-balls.png| ImageSizeR1 = 120px| ImageFile2 = Formaldehyde-3D-vdW.png| ImageSize2 = 150px| IUPACName= Methanal| OtherNames = formalin, formol, methyl aldehyde, methylene oxide| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers| SMILES = C=O| CASNo = 50-00-0| RTECS = LP8925000 -->
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties| Formula = CH2O| MolarMass = 30.03 g·mol−1| Appearance = colourless gas| Density = 1 kg·m−3, gas| Solubility = > 100 g/100 ml (20 °C)| MeltingPt = -117 °C (156
Kelvin)| BoilingPt = -19.3 °C (253.9 K) -->
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure| MolShape = trigonal planar| Dipole = 2.33168(1) Debye -->
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards| MainHazards = toxic, flammable| NFPA-H = 3| NFPA-F = 2| NFPA-R = 2| FlashPt = -53 °C| RPhrases = , , , | SPhrases = , , , , , -->
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related| Function =
aldehydes[benzaldehydes[carboxylic acids-->-->
Formaldehyde (methanal) is the chemical compound with the
chemical formula H2CO. The simplest aldehyde, it was first synthesized by the
Russian chemist
Aleksandr Butlerov but was conclusively identified by
August Wilhelm von Hofmann.J Read, Text-Book of Organic Chemistry, G Bell & Sons, London, 1935 Formaldehyde exists in several forms aside from H2CO: the cyclic trimer trioxane and the polymer
Polyoxymethylene. Additionally, in water, it exists as the hydrate H2C(OH)2.
Formaldehyde is an intermediate in the oxidation (or
combustion) of
methane as well as other carbon compounds. It can be found in the smoke from
forest fires, in automobile exhaust, and in tobacco smoke. In the
Earth's atmosphere, formaldehyde is produced by the action of sunlight and
oxygen on atmospheric
methane and other
hydrocarbons. It thus becomes part of
smog pollution. Small amounts of formaldehyde are produced as a metabolism byproduct in most organisms, including humans.
Properties
Although formaldehyde is a
gas at room temperature, it is readily soluble in water. It is usually sold as a saturated aqueous solution with concentration of around 37% formaldehyde, stabilized with 10-15% methanol. The commercial name is either Formalin, or Formol. In water, formaldehyde mostly converts to the hydrate CH2(OH)2 or
methanediol. A few percent of methanol is usually added to these solutions to limit the extent of polymerization. Formalin reversibly polymerizes to produce its cyclic trimer,
1,3,5-Trioxane or the linear polymer
polyoxymethylene. The latter one can be heated to obtain methanol-free formaldehyde. Because of the formation of these derivatives, formaldehyde gas deviates strongly from the
ideal gas law, especially at high pressure or low temperature.
Production
Industrially, formaldehyde is produced by the catalytic oxidation of
methanol. The most common catalysts are
silver metal or a mixture of an iron oxide with
molybdenum and vanadium. In the more commonly used FORMOX® process methanol and oxygen react at ca 250-400 °C in presence of iron oxide in combination with molybdenum and/or vanadium to produce formaldehyde according to the
chemical equation
2
methanol + oxygen → 2 H2CO + 2 water (molecule)
The silver-based catalyst is usually operated at a higher temperature, about 650 °C. On it, two chemical reactions simultaneously produce formaldehyde: the one shown above, and the dehydrogenation reaction
CH3OH → H2CO +
hydrogen
Formaldehyde is readily
oxidation by atmospheric oxygen to form formic acid. Formic acid is found in ppm levels in commercial formaldehyde.
On a smaller scale, formalin can be produced using a whole range of other methods including conversion from ethanol instead of the normally-fed methanol feedstock. Such methods are of less commercial importance.
Organic chemistry
Formaldehyde is a central building block in the synthesis of many other compounds. It exhibits most of the chemical properties of other aldehydes but is more reactive. Formaldehyde is a good
electrophile, participating in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions with
aromatic compounds and can undergo
electrophilic addition reactions with alkenes. In the presence of base (chemistry) catalysts, formaldehyde undergoes a Cannizaro reaction to produce formic acid and methanol.
Condensation with acetaldehyde affords pentaerythritol.http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV1P0425.pdf Condensation with phenols gives phenol-formaldehyde resins. WIth 4-substituted phenols, one obtains calixarenes.Gutsche, C. D.; Iqbal, M. "p-tert-Butylcalixarene" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 8, p.75 (1993); Vol. 68, p.234 (1990). http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV8P0075.pdf
With hydrogen sulfide, it forms
trithiane.Bost, R. W.; Constable, E. W. "sym-Trithiane" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 2, p.610 (1943). http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV2P0610.pdf
3 CH2O + 3 H2S → (CH2S)3 + 3 H2O
Biology
Formaldehyde (and its oligomers and hydrates) are rarely encountered in living organisms, but are often used in biology when fixing tissues. Methanogenesis, which can start from many C1 sources, proceeds via the equivalent of formaldehyde, but this one-carbon species is masked as a
methylene group carried by
methanopterin.
As a disinfectant and biocide
An aqueous solution of formaldehyde can be useful as a disinfectant as it kills most
bacterium and fungi (including their spores). It is also used as a preservative in vaccinations. In medicine, formaldehyde solutions are applied topically to dry the skin, such as in the treatment of warts.
Formaldehyde preserves or Fixation (histology) tissue or cells by irreversibly cross-linking primary
amino group in proteins with other nearby nitrogen atoms in protein or DNA through a -CH2- linkage.
Formaldehyde is also used as a detergent in RNA gel electrophoresis, preventing RNA from forming secondary structures.
Formaldehyde is converted to
formic acid in the body, leading to a rise in blood acidity (acidosis).
Industry
Formaldehyde is a common building block for the synthesis of more complex compounds and materials.
Most formaldehyde is used in the production of
polymers and other chemicals. When combined with phenol, urea, or melamine, formaldehyde produces a hard thermoset resin. These resins are commonly used in permanent adhesives, such as those used in plywood or carpeting. It is used as the wet-strength resin added to sanitary paper products such as (listed in increasing concentrations injected into the paper machine headstock chest) facial tissue, table napkins, and roll towels. They are also foamed to make Thermal insulation, or
casting into moulded products. Production of formaldehyde resins accounts for more than half of formaldehyde consumption.
Many of these are polyfunctional
alcohols such as
pentaerythritol, which is used to make paints and explosives. Other formaldehyde derivatives include methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, an important component in
polyurethane paints and foams, and
hexamine, which is used in phenol-formaldehyde resins as well as the explosive RDX.
Formaldehyde is still used in low concentrations for process
C-41 (color negative film) stabilizer in the final wash step, as well as in the process E-6 pre-bleach step, to obviate the need for it in the final wash.
Formaldehyde is used to produce glues used in the manufacture of
particleboard,
plywood, veneers, and other wood products as well as spray-on insulating foams.
Formaldehyde, along with 18 Concentration#molarity (concentrated) sulfuric acid (the entire solution often called the
Marquis reagent)http://www.dancesafe.org/documents/druginfo/testkits.php is used as an MDMA "testing kit" by such groups as
Dancesafe as well as MDMA consumers. The solution alone cannot verify the presence of MDMA, but reacts with many other chemicals that the MDMA tablet itself may be adulterated with. The reaction itself produces colors which correlate with these components.
The textile industry uses formaldehyde-based resins as finishers to make fabrics crease-resistant.
Embalming
Formaldehyde based solutions are used in
embalming to disinfect and temporarily preserve human remains pending final disposition. It is the ability of formaldehyde to fix the tissue that produces the tell-tale firmness of flesh in an embalmed body. While other, heavier aldehydes also produce a similar firming action, none approaches the completeness of formaldehyde.
Several European countries restrict the use of formaldehyde, including the import of formaldehyde-treated products and embalming, and the European Union is considering a complete ban on formaldehyde usage (including embalming), subject to a review of List 4B of the Technical Annex to the Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Evaluation of the Active Substances of Plant Protection Products by the European Commission Services. Countries with a strong tradition of embalming corpses, such as Ireland and other colder weather countries, have raised concerns.
The European Union has decided on the date September 22, 2007 to ban Formaldehyde use throughout Europe, because of its carcinogenic properties.http://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel.asp?aId=41468
Safety
Occupational exposure to formaldehyde by inhalation is mainly from three types of sources:
Thermal decomposition or chemical decomposition of formaldehyde-based resins, formaldehyde emission from
aqueous solutions (for example, embalming fluids), or the production of formaldehyde resulting from the combustion of a variety of organic compounds (for example, exhaust gases). Formaldehyde can be toxic, allergenic, and carcinogenic.IARC Press Release June 2004, http://www.iarc.fr/ENG/Press_Releases/archives/pr153a.html Because formaldehyde resins are used in many construction materials, formaldehyde is one of the more common indoor air pollutants. At concentrations above 0.1 ppm in air, formaldehyde can irritate the eyes and mucous membranes, resulting in watery eyes. If inhaled, formaldehyde at this concentration may cause headaches, a burning sensation in the throat, and difficulty breathing, as well as triggering or aggravating asthma symptoms.Symptoms of Low-Level Formaldehyde Exposures, Health Canada, http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/environ/formaldehyde_e.html Formaldehyde is classified as a probable human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and as having sufficient evidence that formaldehyde causes nasopharyngeal cancer in humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol88/volume88.pdf "Formaldehyde".The United States Environmental Protection Agency USEPA allows no more than 0.016 ppm formaldehyde in the air in new buildings constructed for that agency Testing for Indoor Air Quality, Baseline IAQ, and Materials, http://www.epa.gov/rtp/new-bldg/environmental/s_01445.htm Formaldehyde can cause allergies, and is part of the standard patch test series. People with formaldehyde allergy are advised to avoid formaldehyde-releasing chemicals as well (e.g.
Quaternium-15, imidazolidinyl urea, and diazolidinyl urea).Allergy to formaldehyde at DermNetNZ, http://dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/formaldehyde-allergy.html
Cancer Causing Substance
Formaldehyde is classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and a probable human carcinogen by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
References
External links
- (gas)
- (solution)
- Formaldehyde Data Sheet, The Free Web Portal and Information System on Chemical Substances
- "Formaldehyde", IARC Monograph
- Formaldehyde (gas) from the 11th Report on Carcinogens of the U.S. National Toxicology Program (.pdf file)
- Formaldehyde fact sheet from the Australian National Pollutant Inventory
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- Process C-41 Using KODAK FLEXICOLOR Chemicals Publication Z-131
- Formaldehyde Council
- Prevention guide – Formaldehyde in the work place
{{Chembox new| Name = Formaldehyde| ImageFileL1 = Formaldehyde-2D.svg| ImageSizeL1 = 120px| ImageFileR1 = Formaldehyde-3D-balls.png| ImageSizeR1 = 120px| ImageFile2 = Formaldehyde-3D-vdW.png| ImageSize2 = 150px| IUPACName= Methanal| OtherNames = formalin, formol, methyl aldehyde, methylene oxide| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers| SMILES = C=O| CASNo = 50-00-0| RTECS = LP8925000 -->
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties| Formula = CH2O| MolarMass = 30.03 g·mol−1| Appearance = colourless gas| Density = 1 kg·m−3, gas| Solubility = > 100 g/100 ml (20 °C)| MeltingPt = -117 °C (156 Kelvin)| BoilingPt = -19.3 °C (253.9 K) -->
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure| MolShape = trigonal planar| Dipole = 2.33168(1)
Debye -->
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards| MainHazards = toxic, flammable| NFPA-H = 3| NFPA-F = 2| NFPA-R = 2| FlashPt = -53 °C| RPhrases = , , , | SPhrases = , , , , , -->
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related| Function =
aldehydes[benzaldehydes[carboxylic acids-->-->
Formaldehyde (methanal) is the chemical compound with the
chemical formula H2CO. The simplest aldehyde, it was first synthesized by the
Russian chemist Aleksandr Butlerov but was conclusively identified by
August Wilhelm von Hofmann.J Read, Text-Book of Organic Chemistry, G Bell & Sons, London, 1935 Formaldehyde exists in several forms aside from H2CO: the cyclic trimer
trioxane and the polymer Polyoxymethylene. Additionally, in water, it exists as the hydrate H2C(OH)2.
Formaldehyde is an intermediate in the oxidation (or
combustion) of
methane as well as other carbon compounds. It can be found in the smoke from forest fires, in automobile exhaust, and in
tobacco smoke. In the
Earth's atmosphere, formaldehyde is produced by the action of sunlight and
oxygen on atmospheric methane and other
hydrocarbons. It thus becomes part of
smog pollution. Small amounts of formaldehyde are produced as a metabolism byproduct in most organisms, including humans.
Properties
Although formaldehyde is a gas at room temperature, it is readily soluble in water. It is usually sold as a saturated aqueous solution with concentration of around 37% formaldehyde, stabilized with 10-15% methanol. The commercial name is either Formalin, or Formol. In water, formaldehyde mostly converts to the hydrate CH2(OH)2 or
methanediol. A few percent of methanol is usually added to these solutions to limit the extent of polymerization. Formalin reversibly polymerizes to produce its cyclic trimer, 1,3,5-Trioxane or the linear polymer
polyoxymethylene. The latter one can be heated to obtain methanol-free formaldehyde. Because of the formation of these derivatives, formaldehyde gas deviates strongly from the ideal gas law, especially at high pressure or low temperature.
Production
Industrially, formaldehyde is produced by the catalytic oxidation of methanol. The most common catalysts are silver metal or a mixture of an
iron oxide with
molybdenum and
vanadium. In the more commonly used FORMOX® process methanol and oxygen react at ca 250-400 °C in presence of iron oxide in combination with molybdenum and/or vanadium to produce formaldehyde according to the chemical equation
2
methanol + oxygen → 2 H2CO + 2
water (molecule)
The silver-based catalyst is usually operated at a higher temperature, about 650 °C. On it, two chemical reactions simultaneously produce formaldehyde: the one shown above, and the dehydrogenation reaction
CH3OH → H2CO +
hydrogen
Formaldehyde is readily
oxidation by atmospheric oxygen to form formic acid. Formic acid is found in ppm levels in commercial formaldehyde.
On a smaller scale, formalin can be produced using a whole range of other methods including conversion from ethanol instead of the normally-fed methanol feedstock. Such methods are of less commercial importance.
Organic chemistry
Formaldehyde is a central building block in the synthesis of many other compounds. It exhibits most of the chemical properties of other aldehydes but is more reactive. Formaldehyde is a good
electrophile, participating in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions with aromatic compounds and can undergo
electrophilic addition reactions with alkenes. In the presence of base (chemistry)
catalysts, formaldehyde undergoes a Cannizaro reaction to produce
formic acid and methanol.
Condensation with acetaldehyde affords pentaerythritol.http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV1P0425.pdf Condensation with phenols gives phenol-formaldehyde resins. WIth 4-substituted phenols, one obtains calixarenes.Gutsche, C. D.; Iqbal, M. "p-tert-Butylcalixarene" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 8, p.75 (1993); Vol. 68, p.234 (1990). http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV8P0075.pdf
With hydrogen sulfide, it forms
trithiane.Bost, R. W.; Constable, E. W. "sym-Trithiane" Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 2, p.610 (1943). http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/pdfs/CV2P0610.pdf
3 CH2O + 3 H2S → (CH2S)3 + 3 H2O
Biology
Formaldehyde (and its oligomers and hydrates) are rarely encountered in living organisms, but are often used in biology when fixing tissues.
Methanogenesis, which can start from many C1 sources, proceeds via the equivalent of formaldehyde, but this one-carbon species is masked as a
methylene group carried by methanopterin.
As a disinfectant and biocide
An aqueous solution of formaldehyde can be useful as a disinfectant as it kills most
bacterium and fungi (including their spores). It is also used as a
preservative in
vaccinations. In medicine, formaldehyde solutions are applied topically to dry the skin, such as in the treatment of warts.
Formaldehyde preserves or Fixation (histology) tissue or cells by irreversibly cross-linking primary
amino group in proteins with other nearby nitrogen atoms in protein or
DNA through a -CH2- linkage.
Formaldehyde is also used as a detergent in RNA gel
electrophoresis, preventing RNA from forming secondary structures.
Formaldehyde is converted to
formic acid in the body, leading to a rise in blood acidity (acidosis).
Industry
Formaldehyde is a common building block for the synthesis of more complex compounds and materials.
Most formaldehyde is used in the production of
polymers and other chemicals. When combined with
phenol, urea, or melamine, formaldehyde produces a hard thermoset resin. These resins are commonly used in permanent adhesives, such as those used in
plywood or
carpeting. It is used as the wet-strength resin added to sanitary paper products such as (listed in increasing concentrations injected into the paper machine headstock chest) facial tissue, table napkins, and roll towels. They are also foamed to make Thermal insulation, or
casting into moulded products. Production of formaldehyde resins accounts for more than half of formaldehyde consumption.
Many of these are polyfunctional
alcohols such as
pentaerythritol, which is used to make paints and explosives. Other formaldehyde derivatives include methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, an important component in
polyurethane paints and foams, and
hexamine, which is used in phenol-formaldehyde resins as well as the explosive RDX.
Formaldehyde is still used in low concentrations for process C-41 (color negative film) stabilizer in the final wash step, as well as in the process E-6 pre-bleach step, to obviate the need for it in the final wash.
Formaldehyde is used to produce glues used in the manufacture of particleboard,
plywood, veneers, and other wood products as well as spray-on insulating foams.
Formaldehyde, along with 18
Concentration#molarity (concentrated)
sulfuric acid (the entire solution often called the Marquis reagent)http://www.dancesafe.org/documents/druginfo/testkits.php is used as an MDMA "testing kit" by such groups as Dancesafe as well as MDMA consumers. The solution alone cannot verify the presence of MDMA, but reacts with many other chemicals that the MDMA tablet itself may be adulterated with. The reaction itself produces colors which correlate with these components.
The textile industry uses formaldehyde-based resins as finishers to make fabrics crease-resistant.
Embalming
Formaldehyde based solutions are used in embalming to disinfect and temporarily preserve human remains pending final disposition. It is the ability of formaldehyde to fix the tissue that produces the tell-tale firmness of flesh in an embalmed body. While other, heavier
aldehydes also produce a similar firming action, none approaches the completeness of formaldehyde.
Several European countries restrict the use of formaldehyde, including the import of formaldehyde-treated products and embalming, and the European Union is considering a complete ban on formaldehyde usage (including embalming), subject to a review of List 4B of the Technical Annex to the Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the Evaluation of the Active Substances of Plant Protection Products by the European Commission Services. Countries with a strong tradition of embalming corpses, such as Ireland and other colder weather countries, have raised concerns.
The European Union has decided on the date September 22, 2007 to ban Formaldehyde use throughout Europe, because of its carcinogenic properties.http://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel.asp?aId=41468
Safety
Occupational exposure to formaldehyde by inhalation is mainly from three types of sources: Thermal decomposition or chemical decomposition of formaldehyde-based resins, formaldehyde emission from aqueous solutions (for example, embalming fluids), or the production of formaldehyde resulting from the
combustion of a variety of organic compounds (for example, exhaust gases). Formaldehyde can be toxic, allergenic, and carcinogenic.IARC Press Release June 2004, http://www.iarc.fr/ENG/Press_Releases/archives/pr153a.html Because formaldehyde resins are used in many construction materials, formaldehyde is one of the more common indoor air pollutants. At concentrations above 0.1 ppm in air, formaldehyde can irritate the eyes and mucous membranes, resulting in watery eyes. If inhaled, formaldehyde at this concentration may cause headaches, a burning sensation in the throat, and difficulty breathing, as well as triggering or aggravating asthma symptoms.Symptoms of Low-Level Formaldehyde Exposures, Health Canada, http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/environ/formaldehyde_e.html Formaldehyde is classified as a probable human carcinogen by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and as having sufficient evidence that formaldehyde causes nasopharyngeal cancer in humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol88/volume88.pdf "Formaldehyde".The United States Environmental Protection Agency
USEPA allows no more than 0.016 ppm formaldehyde in the air in new buildings constructed for that agency Testing for Indoor Air Quality, Baseline IAQ, and Materials, http://www.epa.gov/rtp/new-bldg/environmental/s_01445.htm Formaldehyde can cause allergies, and is part of the standard patch test series. People with formaldehyde allergy are advised to avoid formaldehyde-releasing chemicals as well (e.g.
Quaternium-15, imidazolidinyl urea, and diazolidinyl urea).Allergy to formaldehyde at DermNetNZ, http://dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/formaldehyde-allergy.html
Cancer Causing Substance
Formaldehyde is classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and a probable human carcinogen by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
References
External links
- (gas)
- (solution)
- Formaldehyde Data Sheet, The Free Web Portal and Information System on Chemical Substances
- "Formaldehyde", IARC Monograph
- Formaldehyde (gas) from the 11th Report on Carcinogens of the U.S. National Toxicology Program (.pdf file)
- Formaldehyde fact sheet from the Australian National Pollutant Inventory
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
- Process C-41 Using KODAK FLEXICOLOR Chemicals Publication Z-131
- Formaldehyde Council
- Prevention guide – Formaldehyde in the work place
Formaldehyde - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Formaldehyde is the chemical compound with the formula H 2 CO. It is the simplest aldehyde-- an organic compound containing a terminal carbonyl group: it consists of exactly one ...
Formaldehyde Fact Sheet Toxic Chemical
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Formaldehyde Toxic Chemical in Shampoo
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Safety (MSDS) data for formaldehyde
Safety (MSDS) data for formaldehyde ... Glossary of terms on this data sheet. The information on this web page is provided to help you to work safely, but it is intended to be an ...
Cancer Research UK : Cigarette smoke contains 69 chemicals ...
Find out about the cancer-causing chemicals in cigarette smoke including arsenic, benzene, formaldehyde, cadmium, polonium, chromium and more.
Formaldehyde - London Hazards Centre factsheet
Health and safety information for trade unionists and community activists from a local resource centre
UREA FORMALDEHYDE FOAM INSULATION
urea formaldehyde foam insulation ... Health and Safety Executive / Local Authorities Enforcement Liaison Committee (HELA)
Formaldehyde Removal by Plants
Formaldehyde Removal by Plants. Dr Bill Wolverton, NASA Research, 1989. In 1990 the Plants For Clean Air Council and Wolverton Environmental Services, Inc. began to co-sponsor ...
Formaldehyde | Basic Information | Indoor Air | Air | US EPA
Formaldehyde is an important chemical used widely by industry to manufacture building materials and numerous household products. It is also a by-product of combustion and ...
Formaldehyde and Cancer: Questions and Answers - National Cancer ...
This fact sheet discusses formaldehyde and its possible association with cancer. Includes resources for more information. National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet 3.8